Modeling of temperature distribution in orthogonal cutting with dual-zone contact at rake face

In this study, an analytical model is developed in order to calculate the temperature distribution in orthogonal cutting with dual-zone contact at the rake face. The study focuses on heat generation at the primary shear zone and at the rake face. The material behavior at the primary shear zone is represented by Johnson-Cook constitutive equation whereas the contact at the rake face is modeled by sticking and sliding friction zones. This new temperature distribution model allows obtaining the maximum temperature at the rake face and helps determining two dimensional temperature distribution in the chip. The simulation results obtained from the developed model are also compared with experimental results where good agreement is observed

Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks for Polyphonic Sound Event Detection

Sound events often occur in unstructured environments where they exhibit wide variations in their frequency content and temporal structure. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) are able to extract higher level features that are invariant to local spectral and temporal variations. Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are powerful in learning the longer term temporal context in the audio signals. CNNs and RNNs as classifiers have recently shown improved performances over established methods in various sound recognition tasks. We combine these two approaches in a Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network (CRNN) and apply it on a polyphonic sound event detection task. We compare the performance of the proposed CRNN method with CNN, RNN, and other established methods, and observe a considerable improvement for four different datasets consisting of everyday sound events.Comment: Accepted for IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing, Special Issue on Sound Scene and Event Analysi

Evaluation of information technology certificate programs in terms of 21st century skills : Bilgi teknolojileri sertifika eğitim programlarının 21. yüzyıl becerileri açısından değerlendirilmesi

The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of an IT certificate program that contributes to the career development of individuals in terms of gaining 21st century skills, given the increasing competitive conditions of globalization process and developments in Information Technologies (IT). This study covers the Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) Certificate Program in Vocational and Technical High Schools in collaboration with Cisco Networking Academy, one of the important institutions among IT certification programs. This certificate program provides training to students in the department of information technologies and electrical-electronics technologies in vocational high schools in order to meet the labor demands in the field of computer networks technology in Turkey. This certificate program is a comprehensive study starting in 2011-2012 academic year and completed in two years. However, the scope of this study is limited to the comparison of demographic characteristics and 21st century skill levels of students participating and non-participating in the certificate program. The study was conducted with 1453 students and the majority of these students were male. According to the findings of the study, it was concluded that the students who participated in the certificate program had a high level of skills in terms of 21st century skills. In addition, there was no effect of gender among students participating in technology-based certificate programs. ​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Küreselleşme sürecinin artan rekabetçi koşulları ve Bilgi Teknolojilerinde (BT) yaşanan gelişmeler göz önüne alındığında, bireylerin kariyer gelişimlerine katkı sağlayan sertifika eğitim programlarının 21. yüzyıl becerilerinin kazandırılması bakımından ne derece etkili olduğunun ortaya konması bu çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, BT sertifika eğitim programları arasında önemli kuruluşlardan biri olan Cisco Networking Academy işbirliği ile Mesleki ve Teknik Liselerde gerçekleştirilen Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) Sertifika Programı ele alınmıştır. Bu sertifika programı, Türkiye’deki bilgisayar ağları teknolojisi alanındaki işgücü taleplerini karşılamak maksadıyla meslek liselerinin bilişim ve elektrik-elektronik teknolojileri alanlarındaki öğrenciler için eğitimler düzenlemektedir. Bu sertifika eğitim programının değerlendirilmesi 2011-2012 eğitim-öğretim yılında başlayan ve iki yılda tamamlanan kapsamlı bir çalışmadır. Ancak mevcut çalışmanın kapsamı, eğitim programının birinci yılında sertifika programına katılan öğrenciler ile katılmayan öğrencilerin demografik özellikler ve 21. yüzyıl beceri düzeyleri bakımından karşılaştırılması ile sınırlıdır. Araştırma toplamda 1453 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiş olup bu öğrencilerin çoğunluğu erkeklerden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın bulgularına göre, sertifika programına katılan öğrencilerin katılmayan öğrencilere göre 21. yüzyıl becerileri bakımından birçok düzeyde yüksek becerilere sahip oldukları ve teknoloji ağırlıklı sertifika eğitim programlarına katılan öğrenciler arasında cinsiyete bağlı dezavantajlı grupların oluşmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır

Archeogeophysical Studies in The Sultan Ahmet (Blue) Mosque

Bu çalışmada İstanbul Fatih ilçesinde bulunan Sultan Ahmet Camii’nin içinde, dış avlularda, tüm alt bahçe alanlarında ve dış parsellerde gerçekleştirilen yeraltı haritalama çalışmaları anlatılmaktadır. Mayıs-Temmuz 2011 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilen arazi ölçümleri ve saha çalışmaları sonucunda Sultan Ahmet Camii oturum sahasının yaklaşık 30 metre derinliğe kadar olan kısımların yeraltı haritaları oluşturulmuştur. Bu sayede daha önce varlığından emin olunamayan çok sayıda yapay ve doğal yer içi oluşumu haritalanması ve (3B) yeriçi modellerinin oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır

Identification of resistance to Eurygaster integriceps Put. on some bread wheat genotypes

Sunn pest (Eurygaster integriceps Put.) is one of the most important pests of wheat in Eastern Europe including Turkey, West and Cen-tral Asia. Its damage on leaves, stems, spikes and grains reduce the baking quality of flour made from damaged grains. In this study, some wheat genotypes from Turkey and ICARDA were evaluated for the pest resistance. The genotypes were planted in a randomized block design using hill plots in nylon mesh screening cages in wheat growing season of 2011-2012 and 2012-2013. Sunn pest population was collected from Çanakkale province, where the pest was intensely found in recent years. The plants of each hill plots were infested with one male and one female Sunn pest adults. The results with 12.5% sucking damage showed that the genotypes from ICARDA had higher resistance than the landraces from Turkey to Sunn pest. Especially, the genotypes IC3 and IC4 from ICARDA and TR7 from Turkey with respect to their SED and DSED values were found the most promising genotypes resistant to Sunn pest for future breeding programs

Recent Advances in Health Biotechnology During Pandemic

The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which emerged in 2019, cut the epoch that will make profound fluctuates in the history of the world in social, economic, and scientific fields. Urgent needs in public health have brought with them innovative approaches, including diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. To exceed the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, various scientific authorities in the world have procreated advances in real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based diagnostic tests, rapid diagnostic kits, the development of vaccines for immunization, and the purposing pharmaceuticals for treatment. Diagnosis, treatment, and immunization approaches put for- ward by scientific communities are cross-fed from the accrued knowledge of multidisciplinary sciences in health biotechnology. So much so that the pandemic, urgently prioritized in the world, is not only viral infections but also has been the pulsion in the development of novel approaches in many fields such as diagnosis, treatment, translational medicine, virology, mi- crobiology, immunology, functional nano- and bio-materials, bioinformatics, molecular biol- ogy, genetics, tissue engineering, biomedical devices, and artificial intelligence technologies. In this review, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of various scientific areas of health biotechnology are discussed

The frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy and Pompe disease in children with isolated transaminase elevation: results from the observational VICTORIA study

IntroductionElevated transaminases and/or creatine phosphokinase can indicate underlying muscle disease. Therefore, this study aims to determine the frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) in male children and Pompe disease (PD) in male and female children with isolated hypertransaminasemia.MethodsThis multi-center, prospective study enrolled patients aged 3–216 months with serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and/or aspartate transaminase (AST) levels >2× the upper limit of normal (ULN) for ≥3 months. Patients with a known history of liver or muscle disease or physical examination findings suggestive of liver disease were excluded. Patients were screened for creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) levels, and molecular genetic tests for DMD/BMD in male patients and enzyme analysis for PD in male and female patients with elevated CPK levels were performed. Genetic analyses confirmed PD. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of the patients were analyzed.ResultsOverall, 589 patients [66.8% male, mean age of 63.4 months (standard deviation: 60.5)] were included. In total, 251 patients (188 male and 63 female) had CPK levels above the ULN. Of the patients assessed, 47% (85/182) of male patients were diagnosed with DMD/BMD and 1% (3/228) of male and female patients were diagnosed with PD. The median ALT, AST, and CPK levels were statistically significantly higher, and the questioned neurological symptoms and previously unnoticed examination findings were more common in DMD/BMD patients than those without DMD/BMD or PD (p < 0.001).DiscussionQuestioning neurological symptoms, conducting a complete physical examination, and testing for CPK levels in patients with isolated hypertransaminasemia will prevent costly and time-consuming investigations for liver diseases and will lead to the diagnosis of occult neuromuscular diseases. Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT04120168

Effects of the combining rapid maxillary expansion, face mask and chin cup on the morphology of the mandible in optimum angle, class 3 patients with maxillary retrusion

Bu çalışmadaki amacımız, çenelik ile yapılacak bir kombinasyonun mandibulada oluşan posterior rotasyonu elimine ederek iskeletsel 3. sınıf anomalilerin tedavisinde alternatif yaratabileceği düşünüldüğünden, yüz maskesi, çenelik ve hızlı çene genişletme kombinasyonunun alt çene morfolojisi üzerine etkisinin değerlendirilmesidir. Bu amaçla çalışma grubuna dahil edilen maksiller retrüzyona bağlı Sınıf III maloklüzyona sahip, optimal açılı 40 hastadan 20 bireye akrilik cap splint tarzında yapılan hyrax tipi hızlı çene genişletme ve her bir tarafta 400 g kuvvet uygulayacak şekilde Petit tipi yüz maskesi uygulanmıştır. Diğer 20 bireyde ise hızlı çene genişletme ve yüz maskesine her bir tarafta 200 g kuvvet uygulayacak ve kondilden geçecek şekilde çenelik aygıtı kombine edilmiştir. Birinci Grubun(FM+CC+RPE) tedavi süresi ortalama 0.81 yıl, ikinci grubun(FM+RPE) tedavi süresi ortalama 0.93 yıldır. Tedavi öncesi ve sonrasında alınan lateral sefalogramlarda 18 noktaya ve Björk ün total ve mandibular lokal çakıştırma yöntemiyle mandibular rotasyona, 26 doğrusal ve 13 açısal ölçüm yapılmıştır. Grup içi ve gruplar arası fark karşılaştırmaları tekrarlı ölçümlü ANOVA testi ile yapılmıştır. FM+CC+RPE uygulanan grupta mandibulada 0.15˚ lik anterior rotasyon oluşurken, FM+RPE uygulanan grupta 1.60˚ lik posterior rotasyon oluşmuştur. Her iki grupta da maksilla ileri yönde taşınırken, alt keserlerde linguale versiyon gözlenmiştir. İskeletsel 3. sınıf anomalilerin tedavisinde FM+CC+RPE aygıtı iyi bir alternatif oluşturmaktadır.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of the combination of face mask, chin cup and rapid maxillary expansion on the morphology of the mandible, eliminating the posterior rotation of the mandible in the treatment of skeletal class 3 anomalies with the addition of chin cup. 40 optimal angle, skeletal class 3 patients with maxillary retrusion were included in the study. In 20 of the patients rapid maxillary expansion was applied and a face mask combined with a chin cup whose vector of force was in the direction of condyle, applying 200g on each side were used. In the other 20 patients, rapid maxillary expansion with an acrylic cap splint Hyrax and Petit Face mask applying 400g on each side were applied. The mean treatment time of the first group (FM+CC+RPE) was 0,81 years and the second group (FM+RPE) was 0,93 years. In the cephalometric films taken before and after treatment, 26 linear and 13 angular measurements were done using 18 landmarks and with Bjork s total and mandibular local superimposition method, mandibular rotation was evaluated. Three-way ANOVA with repeated measurement in time was used to evaluate the data. Intragroup comparison were controlled by Duncan multiple comparison test when necessary. In FM+CC+RPE group 0.15 degrees of anterior rotation and in FM+RPE group 1.60 degrees of posterior rotation was obtained. In both groups, while maxilla moved forward, lower incisors were inclined lingually. FM+CC+RPE appliance is a good alternative in the treatment of skeletal class 3 anomalies